The Ethiopian Kale Heywet Church was founded in 1920 by North American SIM missionaries and began with a strong commitment to holistic ministry, including evangelism, education, and health care. Despite suffering and interruptions caused by the Italian invasion and later persecutions, early believers continued the mission with great perseverance. Between 1940 and 1966, the church expanded rapidly in membership and local congregations. Even during severe repression under the Derg regime, it continued to grow underground.